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Marine scientists research the sea and study its interactions with its organisms, sea floors, coastal areas and the atmosphere.

Marine scientists may work in the field, in an office setting or on a sea vessel such as a floating laboratory.

Typical responsibilities include:

• planning and undertaking laboratory-based experiments and research

• collecting samples at sea

• keeping up to date with scientific and research developments

• attending relevant training courses

• recording, analysing and interpreting data from biological or physical processes

• using tracking technology to study particular organisms

• writing research papers, reports and reviews

• ensuring that data is recorded accurately

• using problem-solving skills to develop solutions to research challenges

• using computer databases and software to analyse and manage data

• developing and maintaining a network of contacts

• making presentations

• identifying new funding sources and applying for grants

• planning and organising field research trips

• generating new research hypotheses and theories

• testing out theories and hypotheses

Qualifications and training required

A good degree in a subject such as marine science, marine biology, geology, ecology, biology, oceanography, zoology or marine or maritime studies is usually necessary. A relevant postgraduate qualification (whether a PhD or a research-based MSc) is also helpful, particularly for permanent positions. Postdoctoral research, practical research or laboratory work experience is beneficial, and generally required for academic posts.

Key skills for marine scientists

• Patience and determination

• Creativity and flexibility

• A logical and scientific mind

• Numerical ability

• Meticulous attention to detail

• Excellent analytical skills

• Team working and interpersonal skills

• Communication skills

• A basic understanding of oceanography

• The ability to draw conclusions from findings

Typical employers of marine scientists

• Marine laboratories

• Universities

• Government agencies

• Oil and gas prospectors and renewable energy companies

• Specialist research organisations and consultancies

• Engineering companies

• Fisheries

• Marine conservation groups

• Coastal management organisations